Life Cycle: Perennial
Sun Exposure: Full, partial
Soil Moisture: Medium to Dry
Height: 2 feet
Plant Spacing: 10-18 inches
Bloom Time: May-July
Bloom Color: Purple
Advantages: Caterpillar Favorite, Pollinator Favorite, Bird Favorite, and Great landscaping plant
Host Plant: Karner Blue, Eastern Tailed-Blue, Clouded Sulfur, Duskywings, and 28 other species of butterflies and moths use this as a caterpillar host plant in our area (nwf.org)
Specialist Bee: Habropoda laboriosa, Megachile melanophaea, and Osmia integra (Johnson and Colla, 2023)
Beneficial for Endangered or Threatened Species: Karner Blue (mnfi.anr.msu.edu), Frosted Elfin (mnfi.anr.msu.edu), Persius dusky wing (Erynnis persius persius) (mnfi.anr.msu.edu)
Complementary Plants: Prairie Smoke, Butterfly Milkweed, Prairie Phlox, Wild Petunia, Prairie Pussytoes, Little Bluestem.
Resource: Johnson, Lorraine, and Sheila Colla. A Northern Gardener’s Guide to Native Plants and Pollinators: Creating Habitat in the Northeast, Great Lakes, and Upper Midwest. Island Press, 2023