Life Cycle: Perennial
Sun Exposure: Partial shade-Shade
Soil Moisture: Medium/wet – Medium
Height: 5-8 feet
Plant Spacing: 4-6 feet
Bloom Time: May-June
Bloom Color: Pinkish purple
Advantages: Caterpillar Favorite, Pollinator Favorite, Bird Favorite, Deer Resistant, Recommended but vigorous
Host Plant: 156 species of butterflies and moths use Rubus as a caterpillar host plant in our area (nwf.org)
Specialist Bee: Andrena melanochroa (Johnson and Colla, 2023)
Beneficial for Threatened or Species of Concern: Yellow-banded day-sphinx (Proserpinus flavofasciata) (mnfi.anr.msu.edu)
Resource: Johnson, Lorraine, and Sheila Colla. A Northern Gardener’s Guide to Native Plants and Pollinators: Creating Habitat in the Northeast, Great Lakes, and Upper Midwest. Island Press, 2023