Life Cycle: Perennial
Sun Exposure: Full-Light shade
Soil Moisture: Medium/wet-Dry
Height: 2-4 feet
Plant Spacing: 8-12 inches
Bloom Time: May-July
Bloom Color: Green
Advantages: Bird Favorite, Deer Resistant, Great landscaping plant
Host Plant: 1 species of butterflies and moths use this as a caterpillar host plant in our area (nwf.org)
Specialist Bee: Colletes aestivalis and C. andrewsi (Johnson and Colla, 2023)
Resource: Johnson, Lorraine, and Sheila Colla. A Northern Gardener’s Guide to Native Plants and Pollinators: Creating Habitat in the Northeast, Great Lakes, and Upper Midwest. Island Press, 2023