Life Cycle: Perennial
Sun Exposure: Full, Partial
Soil Moisture: Medium-Wet, Medium, Medium-Dry
Height: Up to 20 ft, depends on sun and moisture
Plant Spacing: 5-15 feet
Bloom Time: April-May
Bloom Color: White
Advantages: Caterpillar Favorite, Pollinator Favorite, Bird Favorite
Host Plant: Hummingbird Clearwing, Eastern Tiger Swallowtail, Red Spotted Purple, and 416 other species of butterflies and moths use this as a caterpillar host plant in our area (nwf.org)
Specialist Bee: Andrena fenningeri (Johnson and Colla, 2023)
Resource: Johnson, Lorraine, and Sheila Colla. A Northern Gardener’s Guide to Native Plants and Pollinators: Creating Habitat in the Northeast, Great Lakes, and Upper Midwest. Island Press, 2023